Hydrocarbon-oil burner



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E. KELLS.

` Hydrocarbon Oil Burner.A

No; 231,674. Pate-ntedAug. 31, 1880;

N. PETERS, PHOTULITHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON. Dv C.

UNITED i STATE-s PATENT OFFICE.

EDWARD KELLS, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

HYDROC'ARBON-OIL BURNER.

A SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 231,674, datemi` August. 31, 1880.

Application filed April 28, 1880.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD KELLs, of Cleveland, in the county ofOuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and Improved Hydrocarbon-Oil Burner for Heating Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and complete description thereof.

This invention relates to a burner for hydrocarbon oils and the improvement consists in so constructing the perforated cap or dome, substantially as hereinafter set forth, as to form a combined. heater and gasgenerator without the employment of a heater-plate or auxiliary 'I5 jets from the dome for generating gas, as is usually done.

It also consists of a removable diaphragm for the purpose of enlarging or reducing the capacity of the heating-chamber, as may be required.

It relates, also, to a device consisting of a hinged cap connected to the apparatus for the purpose of lapping` over the needle-valve, to prevent the first flow of oil used for igniting the burner from spattering and to direct its iiow into the oil-cup.

This burner is especially designed for utilizing the heavy grades of hydrocarbon oils, though the lighter grades may be used.

That others may fully understand the construction and operation of the said burner, reference will be had to the following specification and to the annexed drawings, making part of the same, in which- Figure l is a side view. Fig. 2is a top view, and Fig. 3 a vertical sectional view of a portion of the device. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken through the line x in Fig. l.

Like letters of reference refer to like parts in the several views.

A general view of the burner is seen in Fig. l, in which A is a T-connection screwed to the chamber B, and also tothe pipe leading to the oil-reservoir, whereby the oil is admitted to the chamber B and controlled by means of avalve in the lower end of the said chamber, operated by the hand-wheel G, attached to the valvestem. The upper end of the chamber is attached to and in open relation with the induction-pipe D, Figs. 1 and 2, which pipe is connected with the perforated dome E. On the (N o model.)

other side ofthe dome is an eductionapipe, F, leading into the side pipe, G, and thence into the gas-pipe H, provided with a needle-valve at I, the stem J of which is .provided with a thumb-piece for operating the needle-valve.

Between the circles of perforations a b', and withinthe interior and exterior walls of the dome,- (or in other equivalent position,) is arranged the gas-generator, which consists of four conduits, a b c d, (indicated by the dotted lilies in Fig. 2,) which intersect each other, forming a continuous conduit orv gas-genera tor, K, in the dome, which generatoris in open connection with the induction and eduction pipes D and F, as seen in Figs.3 and 4. Hence the passage from D to F is through the generator K, which surrounds the dome in such position as to be subjected to the heat of the iiames that may issue from either of the series of perforations a and b', and also the interior heat of the dome. The above-said conduit is made by boring into the solid wall of the dome from different sides, so that the borings intersect each other, the ends of which are stopped up by plugs 2'., thereby making a simple and easily-constructed combined dome and generator. By this means the heavy grades of oil may be used which are not utilized iu the burners of ordinary construction, as they require the lighter and more expensive oils. These lighter oils do not generate the same amount of heat in proportion to the quantity and cost of the oil as those of greater gravity. In this apparatus no heater or guard-plate is needed, as the generator is arranged in such position with reference to the perforated dome and its heating-chamber that the generator is directly subject to the influence of the heat generated in the dome or burner E without diverting any portion thereof through auxiliary openings to act upon heater-plates or heatconductors for conveying heat from the dome to a gas-generator, as is usually practiced, which causes a loss of a large amount of heat. The dome may be made intwo sections, upper and lower. The generator K may be arranged in either but the upper one is pre ferred, as the radiation of heat is then more effective. The lower sect-ion consists of a concavo-convex base, E', from the interior of which extends up a tube, L, into the dome, Fig. 3.

IOO

This form of the base admits of the tube being made longer than is usually done, which produces a stronger draft of gas from the needlevalve into the dome, and is less liable to be deflected by currents of air. Hence a more intimate mingling of the gas and air, producing a better combustion than is effected by the ordinary devices for this purpose.

Between the sections of the dome is a diaphragm, M, which divides the interior of the dome-chamber into two compartments. In case light oils are used and not much heat required, the diaphrag'm may be then used to contract the capacity of the same for developing heat; but in case much heat is needed the capacity of the dome may be enlarged by removing the said diaphragm. The interior of the dome would then form one chamber and its area be increased for receiving gas and generating heat. As the lower section is connected to the upper by means of pins or their equivalent, it may readily be removed from and at- Y cached to the upper section for removing or replacing the diaphragm, and for other purposes, if needed.

The concave form of the Hoor of the dome causes the air and gas to be intimately combined by the reverberatin g influence produced thereby.

The cap N is hinged or pivoted to the apparatus, as shown in the drawings, so as to be moved over and from the valve at I, the purpose of which is to prevent the force of oil when the valve is first opened from being carried up into the dome and being spattered about. The interior of the cap may be concave in form to prevent this spatterng of the oil.

In opening the valve the oil, by means of the cap, is directed into the oil-cup O for the purpose of being inflamed to generate the gas for ignition. As soon as the ignition takes place the cap may be turned from off the valve, that the gas may ascend into the chamber of the dome through the tube I1.v

By means of the cock R the sediment or residuum of the oil in the burner which may not have been vaporized can be drawn off and the conduits leading from the dome to the needlevalve cleaned out.

Vhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In hydrocarbon-oil burners, a perforated dome, E, having conduits or b c d formed in the solid wall thereof, between the two series of perforations, making a continuous conduit in the wall of the dome, said conduits being in communication with an induction oil-pipe and an eduction gas-pipe, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In vapor-burners, a perforated dome, E, having in the wall thereof a quadrangular conduit in open communication with an induction oil-pipe and an eduction gas-pipe, in combination with a removable diaphragm and a d etachable base or section having a concavoconvex bottom, provided with a central tube extending into said dome and in alignment with aneedle-valve arranged in relation thereto and in combination therewith, substantially as set forth, and for the purpose specified.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

ED/VARD KELLS.

Witnesses:

J. H. BURRIDGE, D. L. LowRIE. 

